Newton's interests were admittedly drawn towards a decidedly non-scientific subject, alchemy. Does that investigation invalidate Newton's earlier achievement, asks theoretical physicist and philosopher, Carlo Rovelli in this article:

https://tinyurl.com/yrd7vcr8

Rovelli's new book here:

https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B084TF77N2/r...ost2022-20


   

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https://www.treasuresinarchives.com/digi...-rudolf-ii

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https://www.treasuresinarchives.com/digi...ist-manual

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Johannes Huniades (1576-1646) was a Hungarian goldsmith and alchemist, resident in England from 1608. He worked for Arthur Dee (English physician and alchemist) and Theodore de Mayerne.(Swiss physician who advanced the theories of Paracelsus).
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Tree diagram, Arbor Philosophica, of Kircher's analysis of the structure of human knowledge of the world.

Athanasius Kircher, Ars magna sciendi, in XII Libros Digesta, Tome 2, 1669.


   

I found this engraving hiding in a backwater of the Internet. I cannot remember seeing it before.

It is, apparently, from Alexander von Suchten, Darstellung alchemistischer Elemente, 1686.

It is quite detailed but I cannot make out all the elements in its construction
At the bottom, we see various alchemical authors.

   

Interesting book by Timothy Hogan.

https://www.scribd.com/doc/278082860/Alc...-Hogan-pdf
https://www.scribd.com/document/39589200...ook-Review

'I hope to show that all the signs, symbols, lectures, and titles of the Masonic ritual owe their origin to the alchemical tradition, and that through a better
understanding of these alchemical keys, a new science is open to the Master Craftsman which can operate on the physical, mental, and spiritual levels of man's being.'

   

1917 vintage. Chemistry rather than alchemy, but very comprehensive and useful. Out of copyright so downloadable:

https://archive.org/details/germanenglishdic00pattrich

I am having some difficulty understanding the meaning of this German word  'Gradierglaß'. 
'Graduated glass' does not make sense in the context.


It appears in Meyrink's Der seltsame gast

Der Fremde entgegnete Reußing: "Sie mögen vielleicht später einmal von besonderem Glück sprechen, dass Ihnen zu dieser Stunde dies Büchslein in der Hand gelegen hat. Es enthält ein Gradierglas, mit dem ich den einen und anderen Versuch angestellt habe. Doch ist mir zu ausführlichem Experimentieren, wie Sie bemerken, der Ort hier nicht geschickt. Nun haben Sie ja ein wohl eingerichtetes Laboratorium in der Apotheke und Sie können mir die Gefälligkeit erweisen, dies Pulver zu prüfen, das sie hier in dem Büchslein sehen."

It thus seems to be a description of the classic red stone of projection. This is sometimes presented as a glassy substance.

But how does Gradierglaß relate to this?

Sadly, I have not found an English translation of Meyrink's Der seltsame gast, though it may be included in some volumes of his short stories.

By Tara Nummedal:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1...0000000036