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Avicennian Natural Philosophy & Alchemical Theory - Paul Ferguson - 11-20-2025
Avicennian Natural Philosophy and the Alchemical Theory of al-Ṭughrāʾī in Ḥaqāʾiq al-istishhād
By Takatomo INOUE
"This thesis aims at clarifying how alchemists and non-alchemists studied and discussed alchemy in medieval Islam. In order to attain this objective, we first review and reinterpret the accomplishments of Muslim and pre-Islamic alchemists, as well as multiple types of classification of alchemy by nonalchemist authors. Also, we examine in detail non-alchemists' theoretical discussions of alchemy, which had a large influence on the development of alchemy in medieval Islam, as well as discussions by alchemists. Finally, in order to clarify both stances, we investigate al-Ṭughrāʾī's Ḥaqāʾiq al-istishhād, which compares alchemists' theoretical foundation concerning alchemical theories with that of nonalchemists."
https://www.academia.edu/144916919/Avicennian_Natural_Philosophy_and_the_Alchemical_Theory_of_al_%E1%B9%ACughr%C4%81%CA%BE%C4%AB_in_%E1%B8%A4aq%C4%81%CA%BEiq_al_istishh%C4%81d